Election Commission | Elections to State Legislative Assemblies of Haryana & Maharashtra, 2019 – Media Coverage during the period ( refer : Sec 126 of RP Act,1951

PIB News update:The Schedule for holding General Election to the State Legislative Assemblies of Haryana & Maharashtra2019 has been announced on 21^stSeptember, 2019.  Poll is scheduled to be held in single phase in both the states on 21.10.2019. Section 126 of the Representation of the People Act, 1951prohibits displaying any election matter by means, inter alia, of television or similar apparatus, during the period of 48 hours before the hour fixed for conclusion of poll in a constituency. The relevant portions of the said Section 126 are re-producedbelow:

(126. Prohibition of public meeting during period of forty-eight hours ending with hour fixed for conclusion ofpoll-

(1)      No personshall-

(a)…………………

(b) Display to the public any election matter by means of cinematograph, television or other similar apparatus;

(c)……………………

In any polling area during the period of forty-eight hours ending with the      hour   fixed for the conclusion of the poll for any election in the pollingarea.

(2)      Any person who contravenes the provisions of sub-section (1) shall be punishable with imprisonment for a term which may extend to two years,          or with fine, or withboth.

(3)      In thisSection, the expression “election mater” means any.matter intended or    calculated to influence or affect the resultof an election)

2. During elections, there are sometimes allegations of violation of the provisions of the above Section 126 of the Representation of the People Act, 1951 by TV channels in the telecast of their panel discussions/debates and other news and current affairs programmes. The Commission has clarified in the past that the said Section 126 prohibits displaying any election matter by means, inter alia, of television or similar apparatus, during the period of 48 hours ending with the hour fixed for conclusion of poll in a constituency. “Election matter” has been defined in that Section as any matter intended or calculated to influence or affect the result of an election. Violation of the aforesaid provisions of Section 126 is punishable with imprisonment upto a period of two years, or with fine orboth.

 

3. The Commission once again reiterates that the TV/Radio channels and cable networks/internet website/social media platforms should ensure that the contents of the programmes telecast/broadcast/ displayed by them during the period of 48 hours referred to in Section 126 do not contain any material, including views/appeals by panelists/participants that may be construed as promoting/ prejudicing the prospect of any particular party or candidate(s) or influencing/ affecting the result of the election. This shall, among other things include display of any opinion poll and of standard debates, analysis, visuals andsound-bytes.

 

4. In this connection, attention is also invited to Section 126A ofthe R.P. Act 1951, which prohibits conduct of Exit poll and dissemination of its results during the period mentioned therein, i.e. the hour fixed for commencement of poll and half an hour after the time fixed for close of poll in both theStates.

 

5. During the period not covered by Section 126, concerned TV/Radio/Cable/FM channels/internet websites/Social Media platforms are free to approach the state/ district/ local authoritiesfor necessary permission for conducting any broadcast/Telecast related events (other than exit polls) which must also conform to the provisions of the model code of conduct, the programme code laid down by the Ministry of Informationand Broadcasting under the Cable Network (Regulation)  Act  with  regardtodecency,  maintenance  of communal  harmony,  etc.  All Internet websites andSocial Media platforms must also comply with the provisions ofTheInformation      Technology      Act,      2000     and      ECI     guidelines No-491/SM/2013/Communication,dt25^thOctober,2013,forallpolitical content on their platform. As regards political advertisement, the same needs pre-certification by the Committees set up at State/District level as per the Commission’s order  No. 509/75/2004/JS-I,dt 15th April,2004.
6. Attention of all print media is also drawn to the following guidelines issued by Press Council of India to follow for observance during the election:
   i. It will be the duty of the Press to give objective reports about elections andthe candidates. The newspapers are not expected to indulge in unhealthy election campaigns, exaggerated reports about any candidate/party or incident during the elections. In practice, two or three closely contesting candidates attract all the media attention. While reporting on the actual campaign, a newspaper may not leave out any important point raised by a candidate and make an attack on his or heropponent.
7. ii. Election campaign along communal or caste lines is banned under the election rules. Hence, the Press should eschew reports, which tend to promote feelings of enmity or hatred between people on the ground of religion, race, caste, community orlanguage.
   iii. The Press should refrain from publishing false or critical statements in regard to the personal character and conduct of any candidate or in relation to the candidature or withdrawal of any candidate or his candidature, to prejudice the prospects of that candidate in the elections. The Press shall not publish unverified allegations against any candidate/party.
   iv. The Press shall not accept any kind of inducement, financial or otherwise, to project a candidate/party. It shall not accept hospitality or other facilities offered to them by or on behalf of any candidate/party.
   v. The Press is not expected to indulge in canvassing of aparticular candidate/party. If it does, it shall allow the right of reply to the other candidate/party.
   vi. The Press shall not accept/publish any advertisement at the cost of public exchequer regarding achievements of a party/ governmentin power.
   vii. The Press shall observe all the directions/ orders/instructions of the Election Commission/Returning Officers or Chief Electoral Officer issued from time totime.

7. Attention of the electronic media is invited to the “Guidelines for Election Broadcasts”issued by NBSA dt 3rd March,2014.

 

i.    News broadcasters should endeavour to inform the public inanobjective manner, about relevant electoral matters, political parties, candidates, campaign issues and voting processes as per rules and regulations laid down under The Representation of the People Act 1951 and by the Election Commission of India.
ii.    News channels shall disclose any political affiliations, either towards a party or candidate. Unless they publicly endorse or support a particular party or candidate, news broadcasters have a duty to be balanced and impartial, especially in their election reporting.
iii.    News broadcasters must endeavour to avoid all forms of rumor, baseless       speculation and disinformation, particularly when these concern specific  politicalpartiesorcandidates.Any candidate/political party, which has been     defamed or is a victim of misrepresentation, misinformation orother similar injury by broadcast of information should be afforded prompt correction,   and where appropriate granted an opportunity ofreply.
iv.    News broadcasters must resist all political and financial pressures which may affect coverage of elections and election relatedmatters.
v.    News broadcasters should maintain a clear distinction between editorial and expert opinion carried on their newschannels.
vi.    News broadcasters that use video feed from political parties should disclose it and appropriatelytagged.
vii.    Special care must be taken to ensure that every element of news/       programmes dealing with elections and election related matters is accurate on        all facts relating to events, dates, places and quotes. If by mistake or   inadvertence any inaccurate information is broadcast, the broadcaster must           correct it as soon as it comes tothe broadcaster’snotice with the same prominence as was given to the originalbroadcast.
viii.    News broadcasters, their journalists and officials must not accept any          money, or valuable gifts, or any favour that could influence or appear to        influence, create a conflict of interest or damage the credibility of the     broadcaster or theirpersonnel.
ix.    News broadcasters must not  broadcast  any  form  of  ‘hate  speech’ or        other obnoxious content  that may lead  to incitement  of violence or         promote public unrest or disorder as election campaigning based  on    communal or caste factors is prohibited under Election Rules. News           broadcasters should strictly avoid reports which tend to promote feelings of   enmity or hatred among people, on the ground of religion, race, caste,        community, region orlanguage.
x.    News broadcasters are required to scrupulously maintain a distinction between news and paid content.  All paid content should be clearly marked   as “Paid Advertisement” or “Paid Content”: and paid content must be          carried in compliance with the “Norms & Guidelines on Paid News” dated 24.11.2011 issued by NBA.
xi.    Special care must be taken to report opinion polls accurately and fairly, by   disclosing to viewers as to who commissioned, conducted and paid for the      conduct of the opinion polls and the broadcast. If a news broadcaster         carries the results of an opinion poll or other election projection, it must           also explain the context, and the scope and limits of such polls with their           limitations. Broadcast of opinion polls should be accompanied by         information to assist viewers to understand the poll’s significance, such as      the methodology used, the sample size, the margin of error, the fieldwork    dates, and data used. Broadcasters should also disclose how vote shares         are converted to seatshares.
xii.    The broadcasters shall not broadcast any “election matter” i.e. any matter    intended or calculated to influence or affect the result of an      election,during          the48hoursendingwiththehoursfixedfortheconclusion        of pollin      violation of Section          126(1)(b)oftheRepresentation of the People Act1951.
xiii.    TheElection Commission of India (ECI) will monitor the broadcasts made       by news broadcasters from the time elections are announced until the    conclusion and announcement of election results. Any violation by         member       broadcasters          reported to theNews Broadcasting Standards  Authority     (NBSA)bytheElectionCommission will be dealt with by the NBSA under          itsregulations.
xiv.    Broadcasters should, to the extent possible, carry voter education       programmes to effectively inform voters about the voting process,  the importance of voting, including how, when and where to vote, to register to vote and the secrecy of theballot.
xv.    News broadcasters must not air any final, formal and definite results until such results are formally announced by the Election Commission of India,           unless such results are carried with clear disclaimer that they are unofficial        or incomplete or partial results or projections which should not be taken as    finalresults.

8. Internet and Mobile Association of India (IAMAI) has also developed a “Voluntary Code of Ethics” for all the participating social media platforms to ensure free, fair & ethical usage of their platforms to maintain integrity of electoral process during the General Elections to the Lok Sabha 2019. As agreed by IAMAI, vide letter dated 23.09.2019, the “Voluntary Code of Ethics” shall be observed during all elections. Accordingly, the Code is also applicable in Haryana & Maharashtra Assembly Elections and the Bye-Elections to various Parliamentary Constituencies and Assembly Constituencies being held simultaneously and all future elections. Attention of all concerned Social Media platforms is invited to the following text of “Voluntary Code of Ethics” dt 20^th March, 2019:

1. Participants will endeavour to, where appropriate and keeping in mind the principle of freedom of expression, deploy appropriate policies and        processes to facilitate access to information regarding electoral matters        on their products and/ or services.
2. Participants will endeavour to voluntarily undertake information, education and communication campaigns to build awareness including electoral laws and other related instructions. Participants will also      endeavour to impart training to the nodal officer at ECI on their products/ services, including mechanism for sending requests as per procedure established by law.

iii.        Participants and the Election Commission of India (ECI) have developed a     notification mechanism by which the ECI can notify the relevant        platforms of potential violations of Section 126 of the Representation of      the People Act, 1951 and other applicable electoral laws in accordance with procedures established by law. These valid legal orders will be     acknowledged and/ or processed within 3 hours for violations reported   under Section 126 as per the Sinha Committee recommendations. All        other valid legal requests will be acted upon expeditiously by the     Participants, based on the nature of reported violation.
i.    Participants will endeavour to, where appropriate and keeping in mind     the principle of freedom of expression, deploy appropriate policies and     processes to facilitate access to information regarding electoral matters     on their products and/ or services.
ii.    Participants will endeavour to voluntarily undertake information,     education and communication campaigns to build awareness including     electoral laws and other related instructions. Participants will also     endeavour to impart training to the nodal officer at ECI on their     products/ services, including mechanism for sending requests as per     procedure established by law.
iii.    Participants and the Election Commission of India (ECI) have developed a     notification mechanism by which the ECI can notify the relevant     platforms of potential violations of Section 126 of the Representation of     the People Act, 1951 and other applicable electoral laws in accordance     with procedures established by law. These valid legal orders will be     acknowledged and/ or processed within 3 hours for violations reported     under Section 126 as per the Sinha Committee recommendations. All     other valid legal requests will be acted upon expeditiously by the     Participants, based on the nature of reported violation.
iv.    Participants are creating/opening a high priority dedicated reporting     mechanism for the ECI and appoint dedicated person(s) / teams during     the period of General Elections to interface with and to exchange     feedback as may assist with taking expeditious action upon receipt of     such a lawful request, following due legal process, from the ECI.
v.    Participants will provide a mechanism for relevant political advertisers, in accordance with their obligations under law, to submit pre-certificates issued by ECI and/ or Media Certification & Monitoring Committee (MCMC) of the ECI in relation to election advertisements that feature names of political parties, candidates for the Haryana & Maharashtra Assembly Elections and the Bye-Elections to various Parliamentary Constituencies and Assembly Constituencies being held simultaneously. Further, Participants shall expeditiously process/action paid political advertisements lawfully notified to Participants by the ECI that do not feature such certification.
vi.    Participants will commit to facilitating transparency in paid political     advertisements, including utilising their pre-existing labels/ disclosure     technology for such advertisements.
vii.    Participants will, pursuant to a valid request received from the ECI, via     Internet and Mobile Association of India (IAMAI) provide an update on     the measures taken by them to prevent abuse of their respective     platforms.
viii.    IAMAI will coordinate with the Participants on the steps carried out     under this Code and IAMAI as well as Participants will be in constant     communication with the ECI during the election period.
The above guidelines should be duly observed for compliance by all the concernedmedia.

The above guidelines should be duly observed for compliance by all the concernedmedia.