Action Plan to Control Spread of Bird Flu

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Bird Flu-indian Bureaucracy
Bird Flu-indian Bureaucracy

Outbreak of bird flu (Avian Influenza sub-type H5N8) was first reported on 18th October, 2016 among wild birds in National Zoological Park, Delhi.

Since then samples of wild/ migratory birds from Delhi, Madhya Pradesh, Kerala, Punjab and Haryana have been tested positive for Avian Influenza H5N8 at National Institute of High Security Animal Diseases (NIHSAD), Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh.

Samples drawn from poultry birds in Bellary district, Karnataka have also been tested positive for Avian Influenza H5N8 at National Institute of High Security Animal Diseases (NIHSAD), Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh.

The Department of Animal Husbandry, Dairying and Fisheries, Government of India took all necessary precautions to control the outbreaks of bird flu. Advisories were issued and Teams of Experts were deputed to the affected areas to assist in control and containment measures.The concerned State Governments have carried out such operations as per ‘Action Plan on Preparedness, Control and Containment of Avian Influenza’. As informed by Department of Animal Husbandry, Dairying and Fisheries, the situation is under control.

Based on the current knowledge, the public health risk to human population is considered low for Avian Influenza sub-type H5N8. However as a matter of abundant caution Ministry of Health & Family Welfare has issued an advisory to the States/UTs to minimize bird-human interface, use personal protective equipment by those handling dead/sick birds, keep persons exposed to the dead/sick birds under surveillance and provide them chemoprophylaxis (Oseltamivir 75 mg) once daily for 10 days. No human case of Avian Influenza (bird flu) has been reported in India.

Outbreaks of Influenza, Dengue and Chikungunya are seasonal and affect large population. The number of cases / deaths due to these diseases State/ UT-wise for the period 2015-2016 is as given below:

Annexure I

Influenza A H1N1 (Swine Flu) – Year-wise for affected States/UTs (2015-2016)

 

S. No.   State Jan, 2015-   31st  Dec, 2015 1st Jan,2016- 30th Oct,2016
Cases Deaths Cases Deaths
1. Andaman & Nicobar 4 0 0 0
2. Andhra Pradesh 258 36 5 4
3. Assam 31 4 0 0
4. Bihar 352 6 0 0
5. Chandigarh(UT) 23 7 6 0
6. Chhattisgarh 239 53 6 4
7. Dadra & Nagar Haveli 26 6 1 0
8. Daman & Diu 5 1 0 0
9. Delhi 4307 12 192 7
10. Goa 193 19 3 0
11. Gujarat 7180 517 411 55
12. Haryana 433 58 68 5
13. Himachal Pradesh 123 27 14 5
14. Jammu & Kashmir 495 20 2 0
15. Jharkhand 16 6 1 1
16. Karnataka 3565 94 86 0
17. Kerala 928 76 21 0
18. Madhya Pradesh 2445 367 38 12
19. Maharashtra 8583 905 80 25
20. Manipur 5 2 0 0
21. Meghalaya 1 0 0 0
22. Mizoram 4 0 0 0
23. Nagaland 4 0 0 0
24. Odisha 76 13 1 0
25. Pondicherry 57 4 0 0
26. Punjab 300 61 177 64
27. Rajasthan 6858 472 196 43
28. Tamil Nadu 898 29 64 1
29 Telangana* 2956 100 126 8
30. Uttarakhand 105 15 20 5
31. Uttar Pradesh 1578 50 122 16
32. West Bengal 544 30 7 2
Cumulative Total 42592 2990 1647 257

 
Dengue Fever Cases– Year-wise for affected States/UTs (2010-2016)

 

Sl. No. Affected States/UTs 2015(Prov.) 2016*
Cases Deaths Cases Deaths
1 Andhra Pradesh 3159 2 2832 0
2 Arunachal Pradesh 1933 1 13 0
3 Assam 1076 1 3993 4
4 Bihar 1771 0 1607 0
5 Chattisgarh 384 1 324 2
6 Goa 293 0 113 0
7 Gujarat 5590 9 5371 13
8 Haryana 9921 13 2284 0
9 Himachal Pradesh 19 1 251 0
10 J & K 153 0 77 0
11 Jharkhand 102 0 388 1
12 Karnataka 5077 9 5375 8
13 Kerala 4075 25 6620 12
14 Madhya Pradesh 2108 8 2321 5
15 Meghalaya 13 0 91 0
16 Maharashtra 4936 23 5653 22
17 Manipur 52 0 35 0
18 Mizoram 43 0 29 0
19 Nagaland 21 1 0 0
20 Orissa 2450 2 8142 11
21 Punjab 14128 18 9314 8
22 Rajasthan 4043 7 3051 16
23 Sikkim 21 0 8 0
24 Tamil Nadu 4535 12 2044 4
25 Tripura 40 0 49 0
26 Telangana 1831 2 2269 3
27 Uttar Pradesh 2892 9 6698 33
28 Uttrakhand 1655 1 2125 3
29 West Bengal 8516 14 11069 28
30 A& N Island 153 0 90 0
31 Chandigarh 966 1 836 0
32 Delhi 15867 60 3913 4
33 D&N Haveli 1154 0 2821 0
34 Daman & Diu 165 0 64 0
35 Puducherry 771 0 407 2
  Total 99913 220 90277 179

* Provisional  till 14th Nov. 2016

Clinically Suspected Chikungunya Fever Cases – Year-wise for affected States/UTs (2015-2016)

 
 
 
Sl. No. Affected States/UTs 2015(Prov.) 2016*
1 Andhra Pradesh 817 798
2 Arunachal Pd. 35 217
3 Assam 0 38
4 Bihar 3 472
5 Goa 561 265
6 Gujarat 406 1184
7 Haryana 1 2749
8 Himachal Pradesh 1
9 J&K 1
10 Jharkhand 21 47
11 Karnataka 20763 12262
12 Kerala 175 119
13 Madhya Pd. 67 1024
14 Meghalaya 78 248
15 Maharashtra 391 5329
16 Orissa 81 1
17 Punjab 180 2839
18 Rajasthan 7 1686
19 Tamil Nadu 329 59
20 Telangana 2067 561
21 Tripura 180 209
22 Uttar Pradesh 0 1947
23 Uttarakhand 0 35
24 West Bengal 1013 921
25 A& N Island 68 9
26 Chandigarh 1 1315
27 Delhi 64 11515
28 Puduchery 245 248
  Total 27553 46099
* Provisional till 13th Nov. 2016

Health is a state subject and hence primary responsibility for prevention and control of such seasonal fevers vests with the State Governments/UTs. Ministry of Health & FW provides assistance to the States in terms of guidance, surveillance, laboratory support, outbreak investigation and logistics.

For prevention and control of Dengue and Chikungunya, National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme (NVBDCP) shared with the States/UTs strategies of Mid Term Plan for implementation which are as under:

(i)         Surveillance of disease and entomological surveillance

(ii)       Laboratory diagnosis and Clinical management

(iii)    Vector management – environmental management for source reduction, chemical control, personal protection and Legislation

(iv)     Outbreak response

(v)      Training, strengthening human resource and Operational research

(vi)    Behaviour Change Communication (BCC), through   social mobilization and Information Education and Communication (IEC)

(vii)   Inter-sectoral coordination and

(viii) Monitoring and supervision as main components.

Since January, 2016, a total of 22 review meetings were held and 12 advisories have been issued. States were requested to declare Dengue as notifiable disease by MOHFW vide letter No.7-165/2016/NVBDCP/DEN dated 9th June 2016. States were requested to fix the rate for testing Dengue @ Rs. 600/- per test. Diagnosis is provided through 542 Sentinel Surveillance Hospitals (SSHs) and 15 Apex Referral laboratories (ARLs) identified across the country. IEC/BCC activities are carried out at national and state level with media mix strategies focusing on source reduction and personal protective measures. Funds are provided by Govt. of India to the States for prevention and control of vector borne diseases including Dengue and Chikungunya to implement the public health activities.

Govt. of India has also taken adequate measures to prevent/control Seasonal Influenza including Influenza A H1N1 in  terms of influenza surveillance, laboratory support, stocking the drug Oseltamivir, personal protective equipment, daily monitoring and keeping IEC materials ready to be rolled out at the time of an outbreak.

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